Arecanut Fruits

# Details
1 The areca tree is a feathery palm that grows to approximately 1.5 m in height and is widely cultivated in tropical India.
2 The tropical palm trees bear fruit all year. The nut may be used fresh, dried, or cured by boiling, baking, or roasting.
3 Areca nut (Areca catechu), a tropical crop, is popularly known as betel nut, as its common usage in the country is for mastication with betel leaves.
4 Areca nut and the plant as a whole is used for chewing purposes, vegetable, medicine, stimulant, timber, fuel wood, clothing, wrapping, lubricant, tannin and so forth.
5 Temperature: minimum range is 14ºC - 36ºC.
6 Soil: The crop is found in gravelly laterite soils of red clay type and it can also be grown on fertile clay loam soils.
7 Areca nut, as a maritime species, is grown in areas of up to 400 kilometres (250 mi) inland from the coast of India at an elevation below 1,000 metres (3,300 ft).
Projections Per Acre(in INR)

Plants per acre: 538

1st year Expenses: 538 x 420 = 2,25,960. First year Land establishment cost: 1,75,000. And Maintenance Cost: 50,000.

Yearly maintenance: 1,80,384 x 5 years = 9,01,920.

Total cash out flow = 13,52,880.

Income can start in 5th year but full yield will be in 7th year.

Estimated Revenue: 27,16,900/-

from 5th year to 8th year which is 200 times

Prices as per 2019-20 FY

Yield Statistics

  • 5 Years 45 Times
  • 7 Years 100 Times
  • 8 Years 200 Times
Cost Benefit Analysis

Cost for 538 seedlings = (538 x Rs.420) = 2,25,960 Rupees

Trees will start fruit after a period of 5 years:

Age (Years) Yield (Kgs) REVENUE Income (INR)
5 4.5Kg 250Rs./- 6,05,250/-
6 5Kgs 250Rs./- 6,72,500/-
7 5.2Kgs 250Rs./- 6,99,400/-
8 5.5Kgs 250Rs./- 7,39,750/-

Areas of Plantation

  1. In well-drained soils and in the fields where proper drainage can be provided, deep planting is preferred.
  2. Deeper planting provides a firm anchorage and larger volume of space for root development.
  3. Seedlings of 1 - 2 years age are planted in pits of about 90 cm x 90 cm x 90 cm at a spacing of 2.75 m either way and covered with soil to the collar level and pressed around.

Few Considerations

  1. Initial maintenance is required for 2 years.
  2. Labor would appreciate by at least 20% per year.
  3. The expenses on pesticides and other farming procedures is must.
  4. Return is expected from 5 years.

Positive Confirmations

  1. Chewing the mixture of areca nut and betel leaf is a tradition.
  2. The main constituents of arecanut are polyphenols, fat polysaccharides, fibre and protein. Besides these, nuts contain alkaloids viz. arecoline (0.1 - 0.7%) and others in trace amounts such as arecadine, guvacoline and guvacine.
  3. It was found that tannins, a by-product from the processing of immature nuts find use in dyeing clothes, tanning leather, as a food colour, as mordant in producing variety of shades with metallic salts etc.
  4. The nuts contain 8-12% of fat, which can be extracted and used for confectionery purposes.
  5. In the metabolic system as a digestive and carminative Anti-diabetic (Research from Hyderabad Medical College )
  6. The arecanut leaf sheath could be used for preparation of throwaway cups, plates, plyboards, tea chest, packing cases and suitcases and these are commercially exploited to some extent.

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